Cupola Furnace
- Cupola furnaces are tall, cylindrical furnaces used to soften iron and ferrous alloys in foundry operations.
- Alternating layers of metallic and ferrous alloys, coke, and limestone are fed into the furnace from the top.
- Furnaces cylindrical shaft coated with refractory and the alternating layers of coke and metallic scrap.
- The molten metallic flows out of a spout at the lowest of the cupola.
Brief about Cupola furnaces
- The cupola includes a vertical cylindrical metallic sheet and covered inside with acid refractory bricks. The lining is usually thicker in the lower part of the cupola because the temperature is higher.
- There is a charging door through which coke, pig iron, metallic scrap and flux is charged.
- The blast is blown through the tuyeres.
- These tuyeres are organized in a single or more row across the outer edge of cupola.
- Hot gases which ascends from the lowest (combustion zone) preheats the iron in the preheating zone
- Cupolas are furnished with a drop bottom door through which debris, including coke, slag etc. may be discharged on the end of the melt.
- A slag hollow is provided to take away the slag from the melt.
- Through the tap hollow molten metallic is poured into the ladle.
- At the top conical cap known as the spark arrest is provided to save you the spark emerging to outside.
Operation of Cupola
- The cupola is charged with wooden at the lowest. On the top of the wooden a bed of coke is built.
- Alternating layers of metallic and ferrous alloys, coke, and limestone are fed into the furnace from the top.
- The reason of including flux is to remove the impurities and to protect the metallic from oxidation.
- Air blast is opened for the whole combustion of coke.
- When enough metallic has been melted that slag hollow is first opened to take away the slag.
- Tap hollow is then opened to collect the metallic in the ladle.
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