PAM When a gas is heated to a temperature above 5500°C. it becomes partially...
ABRASIVE JET MACHINING (AJM) In AJM, a focused jet or stream of abrasive particles...
LBM ‘Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation’ is called a laser beam. All...
ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING (ECM) In ECM, shaped tool (or electrode) forms the cathode; the workpiece...
Chemical machining (CHM) Chemical machining is the process of removing metal from the workpiece...
ELECTROCHEMICAL GRINDING (ECG) Electrochemical grinding or electrolytic grinding or anodic machining (Fig.) consists of...
Application of Organic Coatings Before applying organic coatings, a primer (or primary coating) is...
ORGANIC COATINGS Organic coatings are the most widely used coatings on metals and nonmetals....
METALLIC COATINGS Metal or inorganic coatings are considered permanent coatings. The base metal (on...
COATING A variety of coatings are applied to the metal surfaces to improve appearance,...
